8 kumu nui o nā kūlana ho'āʻo kukui mālama ola LED

ʻO nā kukui mālama ola LED he huaʻōlelo maʻamau no ka ʻoihana, a he nui nā huahana i māhele ʻia, e like me nā kukui alanui LED, nā kukui tunnel LED, nā kukui kiʻekiʻe bay LED, nā kukui fluorescent LED a me nā kukui panel LED.I kēia manawa, ua hoʻololi iki ka mākeke nui o nā kukui mālama ola LED mai nā ʻāina ʻē a hiki i ka honua, a ʻo ka lawe ʻana aku i nā mākeke o nā ʻāina ʻē e pono e hele i ka nānā ʻana, aʻo nā kikoʻī a me nā koi maʻamau e lilo i mea koʻikoʻi, no laila. Ua lilo ka ho'āʻo hōʻoia i ka hana a nā mea hana kukui LED.kālele.E ʻae mai iaʻu e kaʻana aku iā ʻoe i nā kumu nui 8 o nā kūlana hoʻāʻo ʻana i nā kukui mālama ʻana i ka ikehu LED:
1. Mea waiwai
Hiki ke hana ʻia nā kukui mālama ola LED i nā ʻano like ʻole e like me ke ʻano paipu pololei spherical.E lawe i ke kukui fluorescent LED paipu pololei i la'ana.Ua like kona ʻano me ka paipu fluorescent maʻamau.i loko. Hāʻawi ka pūpū polymer alohilohi i ke ahi a me ka pale uila i loko o ka huahana.E like me nā koi maʻamau, pono e hōʻea i ka pae V-1 a i luna paha ka mea shell o nā kukui mālama ola, no laila pono e hana ʻia ka ʻili polymer māmā i ka pae V-1 a i luna.No ka loaʻa ʻana o ka māka V-1, pono e ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa o ka pūpū huahana ma mua a i ʻole like me ka mānoanoa i koi ʻia e ka māka V-1 o ka mea maka.Hiki ke loaʻa ka helu ahi a me nā koi mānoanoa ma ke kāleka melemele UL o ka mea maka.I mea e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ai i ka ʻōlinolino o nā kukui mālama ola LED, hana pinepine nā mea hana i ka ʻeleʻele polymer transparent i lahilahi loa, kahi e koi ai i ka ʻenekini nānā e hoʻolohe i ka hōʻoia ʻana e hoʻokō ka mea i ka mānoanoa i koi ʻia e ka helu ahi.
2. kulu hoao
E like me nā koi o ka maʻamau o ka huahana, pono e hoʻāʻo ʻia ka huahana ma ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ke kūlana hāʻule e hiki mai ana i ke kaʻina hoʻohana maoli.Pono e hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka huahana mai kahi kiʻekiʻe o 0.91 mika a i ka papa lāʻau paʻa, a ʻaʻole pono e haki ka pūpū huahana e hōʻike i nā ʻāpana ola weliweli i loko.Ke koho ka mea hana i nā mea no ka pūpū huahana, pono ʻo ia e hana i kēia hoʻāʻo ma mua e pale aku i ka poho ma muli o ka hemahema o ka hana nui.
3. Ka ikaika dielectric
Hoʻopili ka pahu aniani i ka module mana i loko, a pono e hoʻokō ka mea pahu pahu i nā koi ikaika uila.E like me nā koi maʻamau, e pili ana i ka volta ʻAmelika ʻAmelika o 120 volts, nā ʻāpana ola kūloko kiʻekiʻe a me ka pahu o waho (i uhi ʻia me ka foil metala no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana) pono e hiki ke kū i ka hoʻāʻo ikaika uila o AC 1240 volts.Ma lalo o nā kūlana maʻamau, hiki i ka mānoanoa o ka pūpū huahana ma kahi o 0.8 mm, hiki ke hoʻokō i nā koi o kēia hōʻike ikaika uila.
4. mana module
He ʻāpana koʻikoʻi ka module mana o ke kukui mālama ʻana i ka ikehu LED, a ua hoʻohana nui ka module mana i ka ʻenehana lako mana hoʻololi.E like me nā ʻano modula mana, hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia nā kūlana like ʻole no ka hoʻāʻo a me ka hōʻoia.Inā he mana mana papa II ka module mana, hiki ke ho'āʻo a hōʻoia ʻia me UL1310.ʻO ka lako mana Class II e pili ana i ka lako mana me ka transformer hoʻokaʻawale, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka uila ma mua o DC 60V, a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kēia manawa ma mua o 150/Vmax ampere.No nā lako mana ʻole papa II, hoʻohana ʻia ʻo UL1012 no ka hoʻāʻo a me ka hōʻoia.ʻO nā koi ʻenehana o kēia mau kūlana ʻelua ua like loa a hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia kekahi i kekahi.ʻO ka hapa nui o nā modula mana o loko o nā kukui mālama ola LED e hoʻohana i nā lako mana i hoʻokaʻawale ʻole, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka volts DC o ka lako mana ma mua o 60 volts.No laila, ʻaʻole pili ka maʻamau UL1310, akā pili ʻo UL1012.
5. Nā koi insulation
Ma muli o ka palena o loko o nā kukui mālama ola LED, pono e uku ʻia i nā koi insulation ma waena o nā ʻāpana ola weliweli a me nā ʻāpana metala hiki ke loaʻa i ka wā hoʻolālā.Hiki i ka insulation ke mamao ākea a me ka mamao creepage a i ʻole ka insulating sheet.Wahi a nā koi maʻamau, ʻo ka mamao o ka mamao ma waena o nā ʻāpana ola weliweli a me nā ʻāpana metala hiki ke hiki i 3.2 mm, a ʻo ka mamao creepage e hiki i 6.4 mm.Inā ʻaʻole lawa ka mamao, hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia kahi pepa insulating e like me ka insulation hou.Pono ka mānoanoa o ka pepa insulating ma mua o 0.71 mm.Inā emi ka mānoanoa ma mua o 0.71 mm, pono e hiki i ka huahana ke kū i kahi hoʻokolohua kiʻekiʻe o 5000V.
6. ho'āʻo piʻi wela
ʻO ka hoʻāʻo piʻi ʻana o ka mahana he mea pono e hana ʻia no ka hoʻāʻo palekana huahana.Loaʻa i ka maʻamau kekahi mau palena piʻi wela no nā ʻāpana like ʻole.I ka pae hoʻolālā huahana, pono e hoʻopili ka mea hana i ka mea nui i ka hoʻopau ʻana o ka wela o ka huahana, ʻoi aku hoʻi no kekahi mau ʻāpana (e like me nā pepa insulating, etc.) pono e nānā kūikawā.Hiki i nā ʻāpana i ʻike ʻia i nā wela kiʻekiʻe no ka manawa lōʻihi ke hoʻololi i ko lākou mau waiwai kino, e hana ana i ke ahi a i ʻole ka pōʻino uila.Aia ka module mana i loko o ka luminaire ma kahi pani a haiki, a ua kaupalena ʻia ka wela.No laila, i ka wā e koho ai nā mea hana i nā ʻāpana, pono lākou e makaʻala i ke koho ʻana i nā kikoʻī o nā ʻāpana kūpono e hōʻoia i ka hana ʻana o nā ʻāpana me kahi palena, i mea e pale aku ai i ka overheating i hana ʻia e nā mea hana ma lalo o ke kūlana kokoke i ka piha piha no ka lōʻihi. manawa.
7. hale
I mea e mālama ai i nā kumukūʻai, kūʻai kekahi mau mea hana kukui LED i ka ʻili o nā ʻano pin-type ma ka PCB, ʻaʻole makemake ʻia.E hāʻule paha nā ʻāpana ʻano pine i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ka ʻili ma muli o ke kūʻai aku ʻana ma muli o nā kumu ʻē aʻe e pilikia ai.No laila, pono e hoʻohana ʻia ke ʻano socket welding e like me ka hiki no kēia mau ʻāpana.Inā ʻaʻole hiki ke pale ʻia ka wili ʻana, pono e hāʻawi ʻia ka ʻāpana me nā "L feet" a hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ke kāpili e hāʻawi i ka pale hou.
8. hoao hemahema
ʻO ka hōʻike hōʻole huahana he mea hoʻāʻo pono loa i ka hōʻoia hōʻoia huahana.ʻO kēia mea hoʻāʻo e hoʻokaʻawale a wehe paha i kekahi mau mea ma ka laina e hoʻohālikelike i nā hemahema i ka wā o ka hoʻohana maoli ʻana, i mea e loiloi ai i ka palekana o ka huahana ma lalo o nā kūlana hoʻokahi.I mea e hoʻokō ai i kēia koi palekana, i ka wā e hoʻolālā ai i ka huahana, pono e noʻonoʻo e hoʻohui i kahi fuse kūpono i ka hopena hoʻokomo o ka huahana e pale aku ai i ka overcurrent mai nā kūlana koʻikoʻi e like me ka puka ʻana o ka pōkole pōkole a me ka hemahema o nā mea i loko, hiki ke alakaʻi. i ke ahi.